Taurine

Taurine is a sulphur-containing conditionally essential amino acid highly concentrated in skeletal muscle, where it supports calcium handling, membrane stabilisation, osmoregulation, and antioxidant defence during contraction. Salivary taurine reflects muscular taurine status and efflux, which can shift with intense training load and accompany muscle fatigue. Wenzel et al. (2026) identified taurine among the salivary metabolites that track recent exercise within a multi-omics strain score.