Glycocholic acid

Glycocholic acid is the glycine-conjugated form of the primary bile acid cholic acid, secreted into bile to emulsify dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins before reabsorption in the enterohepatic circulation. Salivary glycocholic acid reflects hepatic bile-acid conjugation and gut-liver axis dynamics that can shift with the altered gut motility and intestinal permeability of intense exercise. Chiang (2013) characterised the bile-acid conjugation and signalling underlying these processes.